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''Crusader Kings II'' is a grand strategy game set in the Middle Ages developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive as a sequel to ''Crusader Kings''. It was released for Microsoft Windows on February 14, 2012, to positive reviews. A Mac OS X version, Paradox Interactive's first in-house development for Mac OS X, was released on May 24, 2012.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Crusader Kings II released for Mac )〕 A Linux version was released on January 14, 2013. The game has been Paradox's second most successful release to date, after ''Cities: Skylines'', with over 1 million copies sold.〔() 〕 The current patch is, as of 20 August 2015, version 2.4.4 ==Gameplay== The game is a dynasty simulator where the player controls a Medieval dynasty from 1066 to 1453, though the DLC ''The Old Gods'' and ''Charlemagne'' allow for a start date of 867 and 769, respectively. Through the strategic use of war, marriages and assassinations among many other things, the player works to achieve success for his or her dynasty. The game contains numerous historical figures such as William the Conqueror, Charlemagne, Harold Godwinson, Robert Guiscard, Harald Hardrada, El Cid, Constantine X Doukas, Harun al-Rashid, Alexios I Komnenos, Alfred the Great, and Saladin, but allows for the development of fictional characters as well. The simulation is open-ended so the definition of 'success' is completely defined by the player. The only in-game objective is to obtain as many prestige points as possible in order to surpass the various historically relevant European dynasties in a fictional prestige ranking (the three most prestigious ones being the Capetian, the Rurikovich and the Habsburg dynasties). The game ends when the player's current character dies without an heir of the same dynasty to succeed him/her, or when the in-game year changes to 1453. The game employs a genetics and education system where children will inherit many traits, culture, religion and skills from their parents and guardian. This adds an additional layer of strategy to marriages, such that a player will attempt not only to form beneficial alliances, but also to select marriage partners with strong heritable traits to maximise the quality of offspring and thus strengthen the dynasty. This requires balancing sometimes conflicting interests. For example, while one possible marriage might allow some desirable alliance to be formed with another ruler, it may also require marrying a spouse with some undesirable traits. Such a trade-off can occur in the reverse as well: one possible spouse could possess highly desirable traits but yield no new alliances for the player's dynasty. While a player can choose almost any landed noble to play, there are some which are unplayable without the use of mods, notably: Theocracies (most notably The Papacy) and landed Holy Orders/Mercenaries (for example, the Templars or the Catalan Company). Muslims, Pagans and Republics are playable with the ''Sword of Islam'', ''The Old Gods'' and ''The Republic'' DLC respectively. There are five levels of authority in the game; the four highest of which are playable at the start: *Emperor, Kaiser, Basileus, Samrat, Shahanshah, Padishah, Khagan, Caliph, Tsar *King, Shah, Despot, Sultan, Serene Doge, King Bishop, Khan, Prince Mayor. The title 'King' is equivalent to the title 'Archduke' if the holder bends the knee to an Emperor or person of equivalent title. *Duke, Doux, Satrap, Emir, Doge, Grand Prince, High Chief, Prince Archbishop, Grand Mayor, Jarl, Petty King, Caliph *The second lowest rank is that of the Count – variations are Earl, Sheikh, Wâli, Marzban, Chief, Lord Mayor, Prince Bishop, Metropolitan (Orthodox) *The lowest in-game rank of authority is that of the Baron – variations are Timariot, Shaman, Mayor, Bishop, Patrician – of which only Patrician is a playable rank if the player owns The Republic DLC, as the government of only a single holding with no non-commoner courtiers to command would provide the player with very few or no opportunities for intrigue The basic provincial unit of the game is the "county". Each county contains a preset number of holdings, with the maximum being seven holdings in a single county, including the comital capital. The holdings can be of three types: castle, city or temple holding. A castle is ruled by a baron, a city is ruled by a Mayor, and a temple is ruled by a bishop (each one having their own cultural and religious variations, such as the Muslim Mosque). Generally, a county has a capital set on a barony, but some counties (most notably in Italy) have city or temples set as the capital (ex: Rome is a temple-capital county and Venice is a city-capital county). As the player incorporates a lay nobleman, it can only exert control adequate over counties with castles as capitals or he'll suffer the "wrong holding type" penalty in revenue – thus, city and temple holdings must be given to mayors and bishops. Exceptionally, Muslim rulers can control Mosques, which grant piety points. If the player owns The Republic DLC, the player can also take control of a coastal republic, like Venice, Genoa, The Hansa, Gotland or Cherson. In this case city holdings, instead of baronies, can be held without penalty. The collection of holdings controlled by one characters is called a demesne. The demesne is limited for each character (the maximum number of holdings being defined by the character's traits). If the character has holdings above the limit of his demesne, not only will he or she incur revenue penalties, but the character's vassals will also be displeased. Thus, the game forces players to give his overflow land to vassals, forming the basic principles of feudalism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crusader Kings II」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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